Determinants of preterm birth The most common cause of breech presentation is preterm delivery []. Efforts to recognize risk factors for preterm birth (PTB) are essential as this is a leading cause of perinatal mortality in the US. Classification of thrombocytopenia according to severity, onset offset, nadir and Introduction: Reducing racial/ethnic disparities in preterm birth is a priority for U. Diane N. However, social determinates of preterm births and SGA are poorly characterized. Globally, low birth weight (LBW) constitutes a major public health problem and is one of the main causes of newborn death [2, 3]. Four major themes and related sub-themes emphasise the importance of healthcare professionals Preterm births account for approximately 75% of perinatal mortality and have long-term adverse consequences for health, such as cerebral palsy, learning disabilities, and sensory deficits, which in turn impose a huge public health burden. Pregnancy outcomes that differ from normal live births are known as adverse pregnancy outcomes. 1-4 Rates of preterm birth have increased in the US in recent years, with an annual increase of 2% per year from 2014 to 2019, and considerable racial and ethnic disparities exist with the highest rate of preterm birth Keywords: premature rupture of membrane, determinants, Southern Ethiopia, case-control study. Study period: our study took place over a period from 1 st January to 31 st December 2018, 12 months. 01 million deaths occurred in these preterm neonates. It is more common in women from socially deprived areas and from minority ethnic groups, but the reasons for Preterm birth is responsible for 75% of perinatal death and more than half of all long-term morbidity. Premature birth, stillbirth, and low birth weight are the most common adverse outcomes, and they are the leading causes of neonatal illness, death, and long-term physical and psychological problems. Although the etiology of PTB remains elusive, it is well known that social, cultural Preterm birth (PTB; <37 weeks gestation), is a leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity. The existence of disparities in the occurrence of preterm birth (PTB) and care practices in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is indisputable. Collins Jr, MD, MPHb INTRODUCTION Preterm birth rates in the United States continue to rise and reached 10. Some risk factors include ever having preterm Gestational duration is the major determinant of birth weight (that is, the longer the gestation, the heavier the newborn). Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify determinants of preterm birth in Preterm birth is defined as birth occurring at less than 37 weeks of gestational age and it can be divided into three types, e. 9% of live births in 2019, totalling 15. 0476), education (0. The factors can be classified into different categories: socio demographic, obstetric, reproductive health, medical, Thus, social factors are likely key determinants of inequality in preterm birth rather than provision of maternity care alone. Sci. “The factors we identified could still be rooted in racism, if you think about structural barriers that reduce a Black woman’s access to education and health care. Complications related to preterm delivery can place a heavy burden on limited health resources. In developing nations, like Ethiopia, PTB is under reported and underestimated. Meta-analyses were performed and unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) and mean Preterm birth (PTB) is defined by the World Health Organization as ‘any birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation, or fewer than 259 days since the first day of the women’s last menstrual period (LMP)’; PTB can also be subdivided on the basis of gestational age: extremely preterm (< 28 weeks), very preterm (28 to < 32 weeks), and moderate to late preterm (32 to < PDF | On Jan 1, 2021, Moses Mukosha and others published Determinants of Preterm Births at a National Hospital in Zambia: Application of Partial Proportional Odds Model | Find, read and cite all The preterm birth rate per 1,000 live births during lockdown showed a 23% drop in the overall preterm birth rate with Prevented Fraction of 36% in extremely preterm (<28 weeks gestational age Introduction Preterm birth is the major cause of under-five mortality. Predictors of early death included being born within TTH, birth weight, and having a diagnosis of Determinants of preterm birth in public hospitals in central Ethiopia: an unmatched case-control study [version 1; peer review: 1 approved] This editorial aims to summarize the 5 scientific papers that contributed to the Research Topic: “Environmental, Clinical, and Biological Determinants of Preterm Birth and their Effects on the Offspring. It is further divided into extremely preterm (<28 weeks), very preterm (28–<32weeks The risk factors of preterm birth may vary from region to region within the same country due to variation in socioeconomic status and health care service coverage, and therefore this study aimed to identify determinants of preterm birth in western part of Ethiopia”. Bartell2 and Xiaobin Wang1,3 In the US, high rates of Summary Late preterm (34–36 weeks of gestational age (GA)), and early term (37–38 weeks GA) birth rates vary from 3% to 6% and from 15% to 31%, respectively, across countries, although data Methods and analysis PRENCOG (PREterm birth as a determinant of Neurodevelopment and COGnition in children: mechanisms and causal evidence) is an exposure-based cohort study at the University of Edinburgh. The global average of preterm birth rate in 2010 was 11. Further, preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality among B/AA infants, and among survivors, preterm infant adverse health outcomes occur disproportionately in B/AA infants. ”The main goal of this special collection was to bring together the most recent evidence on modifiable risk factors for preterm birth (PTB) in order to inform clinicians, public health Therefore, this study aimed to update the pooled prevalence and determinants of preterm birth in sub-Saharan Africa based on the most recent Demographic and Health Survey data. Infection, mechanical trauma to the cervix leading to cervical incompetence and scarred tissue following curettage are suspected mechanisms. Resea The association between social determinants of health and preterm birth rates raises questions regarding the importance of policies dedicated to foster equity in the accessibility of healthcare Background: History of induced termination of pregnancy (I-TOP) is suggested as a precursor for infant being born low birthweight (LBW), preterm (PT) or small for gestational age (SGA). Retrospective cohort study. Type and period of study. A short interval (<6 months) between pregnancies is often cited as a determinant of preterm birth or IUGR (Zhu et al. The consequences of preterm deliveries are enormous with developmental and childhood complications as well as high economic and psycho-social burden on the parents (family) and society. It summarizes the available literature on the interplay of maternal stress with key biological layers (e. public health programs. Method: An institutional based case-control study was conducted from September 01 to December 01/2018. Its causes may include individual-level behavioral and psychosocial factors, neighborhood characteristics, environmental exposures, medical conditions, infertility treatments, biological factors, and genetics. In the bivariable analysis, independent variables with a p-value less than 0. Preterm birth (PTB) refers to the birth of a baby before 37 completed weeks of gestation. Italian Journal of Pediatrics. 3% to 6. It is the leading cause of under-5 child mortality worldwide, and Social determinants of health have received increasing attention in public health, leading to increased understanding of how social factors—individual and contextual—shape In the US, high rates of preterm birth (PTB) and profound Black–White disparities in PTB have persisted for decades. model: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Compared with infants born full term, infants born late 1. e. Several factors may increase the risk of preterm birth. It is more common in women from socially deprived areas and from minority ethnic groups, but the reasons for Introduction Preterm birth is the major cause of under-five mortality. 1426 and 0. , birth between 20 and 37 weeks of gestation, is the leading cause of disease burden for infants and children in the world. Background The World Health Organization (WHO) defines preterm birth (PTB) as “a birth which hap- Background Globally, prematurity is a major determinant of morbidity and mortality contributing 30–40% of neonatal mortality. 1 and 8. social determinants of health and preterm birth in Iran based on the who. 4 million babies are born preterm annually, a million died due to its complications. The rates for live births at 20 to 27 weeks and for stillbirths are The reduction in preterm birth was to a large extent associated with the sociodemographic transition, especially changes in maternal education and parity. , 1993). However, the literature on racial and ethnic disparities in the rates of preterm Efforts to recognize risk factors for preterm birth (PTB) are essential as this is a leading cause of perinatal mortality in the US. Thus, the results from this review will inform health policy planners and researchers to have up-to-date information that will help them to develop appropriate action points to reduce This review provides an overview of social determinants of health (SDH) with a focus on maternal stress and its role on Black–White disparity in preterm birth (PTB) and summarizes the available literature on the interplay of maternal stress with key biological layers and significant knowledge gaps. Premature birth complications are a leading cause of death in children ages 5 and under. This shows a need to strengthen female education; screen mothers for HIV/AIDS, urinary tract infection, and hypertension; and strengthen The birth of a preterm infant can be an epoch-making, evocative, This study highlights parents' experiences caring for their preterm infants and the cultural determinants that can be integrated into preterm care to ensure culturally sensitive care. Methods A cross Preterm birth remains the leading cause of death in children up to 5 years of age. Therefore, this study aimed to identify determinants of preterm neonatal mortality. 5% of all live births, the greatest reported level since 2007. Every year, more than 20 million newborns are delivered with LBW [3, 4]; of these, over 96. , individual genome and epigenome in response to environmental stressors) and significant knowledge gaps. Adjustment for the determinants of the likelihood of preterm birth reduced the increase in the rate of preterm birth to 3 percent among all live births and 1 percent among singleton births. Background The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of gestational age in determining the risk of neonatal morbidity among infants born late preterm (34–36 weeks) and early term (37–38 weeks) compared with those born full term (39–41 weeks) by examining the contribution of gestational age within the context of biological determinants of preterm birth. In this study, birth asphyxia was dened as newborn with Apgar score less Keywords: Determinants, preterm birth, case control, gestational age, Ethiopia. 5 exposure overall in a retrospective cohort in Florida but showed an 8% increased risk of Preterm birth and low birth weight are critical determinants of child survival, disabilities, stunting, and long-term adverse consequences . 25,26,27,28,29 Salihu et al 29 found no significant association with preterm birth and above the median 11. 0809 and 0. In developing nations, like Ethiopia, PTB is underreported and underestimated. This shows a need to strengthen female education; screen mothers for HIV/AIDS, urinary tract infection, and hypertension; and strengthen Background Preterm delivery refers to childbirth that occurs before 37 full weeks’ gestation. Background: Around 15 million babies are born prematurely in the world every year. Preterm birth is the major cause of death during the first month of life contributing about 30–40%, and contributing 20–30% to infant and under-five mortality respectively . In particular, low birth weight (LBW) is often defined as a birth weight of below 2500 g, which might be resulted from intrauterine growth retardations or shorter gestational age. Ital J Pediatr, 2020; 46: e10. Preterm birth is one of the major determinants of neonatal morbidity and mortality []. 0290), Future planned analyses of the ZAPPS cohort data will investigate frequency and determinants of the following adverse birth outcomes, both individually and in composite: preterm birth (delivery <37 weeks), very preterm birth (delivery <34 weeks), stillbirth, low birthweight (<2500g), very low birthweight (<1500g), small for gestational age (<10%ile), and very small “Premature birth is influenced by multiple factors that we are still trying to understand,” notes Marie Thoma of the University of Maryland. A total of 405 mothers (135 cases and 270 controls) were included in the Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify determinants of preterm birth in public hospitals of Horro Guduru Wallaga zone, Western Ethiopia. The preceding chapter reviewed the association between individual-level health behaviors and psychosocial characteristics and the risk of preterm birth. 2018;6(2):10. 1211), parity (0. Knowledge Synthesis group on Determinants of Low Birth Weight and Preterm Births: Prakesh Shah, Kellie E Murphy, Sarah D McDonald, Eileen Hutton, Keywords: premature rupture of membrane, determinants, Southern Ethiopia, case-control study. Three hundred mother–infant dyads comprising 200 preterm births (gestational age, GA <32 weeks, exposed) and 100 term births (GA >37 weeks, non-exposed), The study revealed maternal sociodemographic factors, short birth space, lack of antenatal care, exposure to previous adverse birth outcomes and facing medical illnesses during pregnancy were the predictors of PTB. Fru Most of the determinants of preterm birth found to be modifiable. Here, we highlight the social determinants of preterm birth, with special attention to the social experiences among African American women, which are likely attributed to structural racism and discrimination throughout life. 1, 2 Every Newborn Action Plan (ENAP) was Objective: To systematically review the risks of pregnancy outcomes among women of different parity. Aim: This study aimed to determine the incidence, associated factors, and outcomes of preterm birth in tertiary Premature rupture of membranes, as in other studies, 30,31 was identified as a determinant of pre-term delivery in the current study. The factors can be classified into different categories: socio demographic, obstetric, reproductive health, medical Background: Preterm birth is a birth that occurs before 37 weeks of gestational age since the first day of a woman’s last menstrual period. PTB may be classified as spontaneous or medically induced when the life of the mother or the fetus is at risk. Among those born preterm, risk increases as gestational age at birth decreases. About 15 . e rst outcome was the prevalence of birth asphyxia among the neonates. 13 Switzerland study about parental stress experience after preterm birth used mixed (qualitative and quantita- Preterm birth defined as delivery before 37 gestational weeks is a leading cause of neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality. This review focuses on the role of social determinants of The obstetric precursors leading to preterm birth are: (1) delivery for maternal or fetal indications, in which labour is either induced or the infant is delivered by prelabour caesarean section; (2) spontaneous preterm labour with intact IMPACT: This review provides an overview of social determinants of health (SDH) with a focus on maternal stress and its role on Black-White disparity in preterm birth (PTB). 2 The cause-specific fatality rate among all major causes of under-five and neonatal deaths is highest for preterm birth, leading to nearly 1 The birth of a preterm infant can be an epoch-making, evocative, This study highlights parents' experiences caring for their preterm infants and the cultural determinants that can be integrated into preterm care to ensure culturally sensitive care. Poorer countries and regions with more social disadvantage have higher preterm birth rates. Laelago T, Yohannes T, and Tsige G. Preterm birth is a major cause of infant mortality and Preterm birth (PTB) is the most stubborn cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. However, in most developing countries, the determinats of PTB are usually underestimated and content-specific. 3 INTRODUCTION The World Health Organization define preterm birth as any birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation since the first day of the woman’s last menstrual period. Division of Human Genetics, Center for the Prevention of Preterm induced hypertension, history of preterm birth, history of still birth, premature rupture of membrane, sexually transmitted infection, nutritional status and standing for long time were identified as determinants of preterm birth. In Ethiopia, 10% of babies born preterm each year. Population-based data on determinants and proportions of children born preterm are limited, especially from low-income countries. Preterm birth (PTB), defined as a birth prior to 37 weeks of gestation, is one of the most common and serious pregnancy complications that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality among Our aim was to examine the association between biological determinants of preterm birth (infection and inflammation, placental ischaemia and other hypoxia, diabetes mellitus, other) and spontaneous late preterm (34–36 weeks) and early term (37–38 weeks) birth. Psychosocial factors such as depression Request PDF | Determinants and outcomes of preterm births at a tertiary hospital in Ghana | Introduction: Preterm birth remains an important clinical challenge with significant short and long-term The relevant determinants of preterm birth were identified using binary logistic regression. , 1999; Shults et al. Preterm birth is described as babies that are born alive before the end of 37 weeks of pregnancy. 2019 Nov 11;14 (11 Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is a public health issue worldwide. Rates range from about five per cent in several northern European countries, to 18 per cent in Malawi. This study aims to identify risk factors that may be drivers of higher preterm birth rates amongst non-Hispanic black women. 2 million infants globally. However, it is the leading cause Prenatal cocaine exposure is significantly associated with preterm birth, low birthweight, and small for gestational age infants. This study aimed at assessing time trends and social, reproductive and environmental determinants of preterm births based on a population-based pregnancy cohort over 25 years in rural Background: Preterm delivery refers to childbirth that occurs before 37 full weeks’ gestation. Among maternal characteristics, older age, primiparity, and previous cesarean section have been suggested as risk factors for breech delivery, but their role is still The objective of the study is to identify the determinants of preterm birth among mothers who gave birth at Sheik-Hassen Yebere Jigjiga University Referral Hospital from June 1 to July 30, 2021 . Outcome measurement is systematic review and meta-analysis had two main outcomes. Many of these babies Background: Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and significant health consequences to the newborn, families, and communities and tens of emotional and economic costs. Method Data source and sampling procedure We used the most recent Demographic and Health Survey data to determine the pooled preva- The preceding chapter reviewed the association between individual-level health behaviors and psychosocial characteristics and the risk of preterm birth. In bivariate logistic regression, the candidate variables of mothers’ age less than 20 years, Preterm birth, history of experiencing preeclampsia, PROM, missing of iron-folate supplementation during pregnancy, lack of information for danger signs of pregnancy, and Gestational duration is the major determinant of birth weight (that is, the longer the gestation, the heavier the newborn). Innumerable books classify PROM into two based on Preterm birth complications (49. Four major themes and related sub-themes emphasise the importance of healthcare professionals This study is the first meta-analysis describing the determinants of preterm birth in urban Indonesia, which aimed to become the foundation upon implementing the most suitable preventative measure and policy to reduce the rate of preterm birth. 28 μg/m 3 PM 2. Globally, around 13. Other commonly suggested determinants are fetal growth retardation and oligo or polyhydramnios [2–4]. , spontaneous labor with intact membranes (or spontaneous preterm labor and birth) (40–45%), preterm premature rupture of the membranes (25–30%), and labor induction or caesarean delivery for maternal or fetal indications (30–35%) Introduction: Black African American (B/AA) women have a 2-fold to 3-fold elevated risk compared with non-Hispanic White (W) women for preterm birth. 6%) and birth asphyxia (21. Its causes may include individual-level behavioral and psychosocial factors, neighborhood INTRODUCTION. 2%) of 41,206,315 births. Disparities in sPTB have been largely intractable and remain obscure in The findings of this review will fill scarce of evidence to understand the prevalence and determinants of birth asphyxia among preterm babies in the country. However, it is the leading cause Systematically review risks of an infant being born with low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB) or small for gestational age (SGA) among married and unmarried women. Methods A cross-sectional study design using the most recent demographic and health survey data from eight sub-Saharan African countries was used. 0868), predelivery systolic and diastolic blood pressure (0. 1 In 2021, preterm birth rates reached 10. The rate for blacks is double that of whites and the rate is 25% higher for Hispanics than for whites. We included a total The odds of giving preterm birth were higher among women with antepartum hemorrhage, PIH, PROM, and multiple pregnancies, but higher among primigravida and primiparous mothers and lower among primigravida and primiparous mothers. Understanding the epidemiology of prematurity is an essential step towards tackling the challenge of PTB in the sub-continen Social determinants of health for preterm-born children remain poorly studied. 2. Study Design Nested case-control study from a prospective cohort analyzing SDH in 261 postpartum Black women at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 2011-2020. doi: 10. Abstract Background Preterm birth (PTB) can be caused by different factors. 7% of all US singleton births. g. Moreover, intervals <6 months Methods and analysis PRENCOG (PREterm birth as a determinant of Neurodevelopment and COGnition in children: mechanisms and causal evidence) is an exposure-based cohort study at the University of Edinburgh. Here, we highlight the social determinants of Introduction: Reducing racial/ethnic disparities in preterm birth is a priority for U. Background:Preterm birth trauma has become a growing concern in achieving the sustainable development goal targets for mental, maternal, and child health. Three hundred mother–infant dyads comprising 200 preterm births (gestational age, GA <32 weeks, exposed) and 100 term births (GA >37 weeks, non-exposed), The main determinant factors for preterm birth are having antenatal care follow-up, attending secondary education and above, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, having HIV/AIDS, and history of abortion. 0% in Korea Background Birth asphyxia accounted for nearly 50% of neonatal mortality in Sub-Saharan African countries. B) Method: Line 37; the term “Data” is plural word. 1 per cent. 1 Preterm birth occurred in an estimated 10. The rates of preterm birth have increased in many countries, including Canada, over the past 20 years. However, the literature on racial and ethnic disparities in the rates of preterm birth The preceding chapter reviewed the association between individual-level health behaviors and psychosocial characteristics and the risk of preterm birth. 4%. Determinants of preterm birth among mothers who gave birth at public hospitals in the Amhara region, Ethiopia: A case-control study PLoS One. Research examining determinants of preterm birth in Ethiopia is limited. Study type: this is a retro-prospective cross-sectional descriptive study on premature deliveries in the obstetric gynecology department of Malemba Hospital. The most common cause of neonatal death in Providing social support during pregnancy to women who need it may reduce the risk of such adverse birth outcomes as preterm birth, low birthweight, and postpartum depression (Collins et al. Social determinants and preterm birth. Methods Hospital-based unmatched case-control However, racial differences in birth outcomes persist, with incomplete explanation for the widening disparity. Additional community based longitudinal studies supplemented with qualitative methods are recommended. City of London and Middlesex County Background Preterm birth is one of a public health issue worldwide. 0331), prior preterm birth (0. 5% in 2021, the highest level reported since 2007. This editorial aims to summarize the 5 scientific papers that contributed to the Research Topic: “Environmental, Clinical, and Biological Determinants of Preterm Birth and their Effects on the Offspring. The factors can be classified into different categories: socio demographic, obstetric, reproductive health, medical, behavioral and nutritional related. Preterm birth of child is stressful event for parents. However, racial differences in birth outcomes persist, with incomplete explanation for the widening disparity. In general, studies have not revealed the individual-level risk factors that are strongly and consistently associated with the risk of preterm birth. Social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live and age, as well as the wider set of forces and systems that shape daily life Introduction. Statistics from countries with reliable data show that preterm birth is on the Five studies showed no association between PM 2. 4 Over 50% of deaths in the newborn period are Reducing racial/ethnic disparities in preterm birth is a priority for U. A newborn's weight at birth is a vital indicator of maternal nutritional status and fetal health []. Background Preterm birth (PTB) is a public health issue worldwide. 6% of all births and is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. S. Design. Background: In the past five years, observational evidence suggests that the rates and determinants of preterm birth may have changed due to the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and other humanitarian crises in our environment. 4 Over 50% of deaths in the newborn period are PRENCOG (PREterm birth as a determinant of Neurodevelopment and COGnition in children: mechanisms and causal evidence) is an exposure-based cohort study at the University of Edinburgh. Components for socio-economic status, such as family income, parent’s education, and the use of health services related to this subject have to be discussed in this article. This study aimed at assessing time trends and social, reproductive and environmental determinants of preterm births based on a population-based pregnancy cohort care providers should focus on mothers with previous adverse birth outcomes and those exposed to medical problems during pregnancy. It summarizes the Preterm birth (PTB) can be caused by different factors. Low birth weight infants may suffer the risk of developing many complications such as heart problems, anemia, chronic lung disorders, growth retardation, and inhibited cognitive developments [ 20 ]. At-risk mothers should receive intensified antenatal care to mitigate preterm birth. Methods An institutional-based case-control study was conducted from February 15 to April 15, 2020, in determinants of preterm birth in sub-Saharan Africa based on the most recent Demographic and Health Survey data, which helps inform relevant authorities to tackle the problem. Preterm birth remains the leading cause of perinatal and postnatal mortality and morbidity especially in developing countries where the health care services are suffering from Preterm birth is an issue of major public health concern causing deaths and high rates of morbidity and disability among survivors . 1 Indeed, variabilities in healthcare practices (and underlying personal biases) likely contribute to differences in the outcomes of preterm babies, especially those at the earlier “periviable” gestational ages (GAs). The aim of this study is to summarize the evidence from meta-analyses of observational studies on risk factors associated with PTB, evaluate whether there are indications of biases in this literature, and identify which of the previously Examine differences in social determinants of health (SDH) between non-Hispanic black women who delivered a preterm birth compared to those with a term birth. Methods An institutional-based case-control study was conducted from February 15 to April 15, 2020, in REVIEW ARTICLE Gaining a deeper understanding of social determinants of preterm birth by integrating multi-omics data Xiumei Hong1, Tami R. Int J Womens Health Reprod. About 15 million babies are born preterm annually and more than a million died due to complications. A Therefore, this study aimed to update the pooled prevalence and determinants of preterm birth in sub-Saharan Africa based on the most recent Demographic and Health Survey data. In the US, preterm birth (<37 weeks’ gestation) occurs in approximately 1 in 10 births. ”The main goal of this special collection was to bring together the most recent evidence on modifiable risk factors for preterm birth (PTB) in order to inform clinicians, Preterm birth defined as delivery before 37 gestational weeks is a leading cause of neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality. [2,3] Preterm birth might result from many determinants, including biological factors (premature rupture of membranes and Determinants of preterm birth among mothers who gave birth at public hospitals in the Amhara region, Ethiopia: A case-control study PLoS One. The aim of this study is to summarize the evidence from meta-analyses of observational studies on risk factors associated with PTB, evaluate whether there are indications of biases in this literature, and identify which of the previously The main determinant factors for preterm birth are having antenatal care follow-up, attending secondary education and above, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, having HIV/AIDS, and history of abortion. 2020;46(1):10. It represents 11. 9 According to estimates, the cost of The pathways between social determinants and birth outcomes have contributed to pervasive racial/ethnic disparities in maternal health and health care. Psychosocial factors such as depression symptoms and social determinants of health (SDH) may increase risk for PTB. 1. Objective: To identify the determinants of preterm birth among mothers who gave birth at Sheik-Hassen Yebere Jigjiga University Referral Hospital. Many of these babies lose their fight for life. Keywords: preterm birth, determinants, case control, sidama zone, hospital Journal of Pediatrics and Neonatal Care Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify determinants of preterm birth in public hospitals of Horro Guduru Wallaga zone, Western Ethiopia. The factors can be classified into different categories: socio demographic, obstetric, reproductive health, Globally, an estimated 13. In addition to the significant health consequences on the infant, preterm birth can Background: Preterm birth (PTB) can be caused by different factors. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence level was used to Based on variable importance from the random forest, major determinants of preterm birth are delivery and pregestational body mass indexes (BMI) (0. Methods Hospital-based unmatched case-control Background: Preterm delivery refers to childbirth that occurs before 37 full weeks' gestation. 58. Our study aims to map and analyze the spatial, socioeconomic, and health coverage determinants related to preterm birth in Brazil in order to understand how spatial variations in demographics and access to primary care may affect preterm birth occurrences. We collected all published papers investigating the determinants of preterm birth in urban Indonesia. Social determinants of health contributes to preterm birth. Social Determinants of Preterm Birth Amongst Non-Hispanic Black Women. Division of Human Genetics, Center for the Prevention of Preterm Globally, neonatal mortality is higher for preterm infants compared to those born at term. The birth of a preterm infant can be an epoch-making, evocative, This study highlights parents' experiences caring for their preterm infants and the cultural determinants that can be integrated into preterm care to ensure culturally sensitive care. Globally, around 13. It has also been associated with subclinical chorioamninitis 30 and chlamydia vaginitis, 31 both of which Preterm birth is defined as babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy is completed. The cause of preterm birth is multifactorial and not well identified. Preterm birth is a major cause of infant mortality and morbidity and accounts for 7–8% of births in the UK. This scenario has been worst in Ethiopia where every two out of three deaths attributed Background: Preterm delivery refers to childbirth that occurs before 37 full weeks’ gestation. The researchers used both bivariable and multivariable analyses. Premature rupture of membrane (PROM) is defined as the rupture of the chorioamnionitis membrane and passing a gush of fluid through the birth canal before the onset of true labor. In general, studies have not revealed Therefore, this study aimed to identify determinants of preterm birth in western Ethiopia. ” Social, and Health In order to examine the role that social determinants play in predicting risk, this study implemented a latent class mixture modeling analysis of data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS). , 2010). Four major themes and related sub-themes emphasise the importance of healthcare professionals IMPACT: This review provides an overview of social determinants of health (SDH) with a focus on maternal stress and its role on Black-White disparity in preterm birth (PTB). The factors can be classified into different Preterm births occur in 9. 19–20 These disparities have persisted despite clinical and The findings of this review will fill scarce of evidence to understand the prevalence and determinants of birth asphyxia among preterm babies in the country. Globally, every year, an estimated 15 million babies are born before 37 weeks of gestation of which 85% of the preterm births are concentrated in Africa and Asia [1, 2]. 16–18 Longstanding; complex sociodemographic and historical factors perpetuate the challenges women of color face in achieving positive birth outcomes. Determinants of LBW in Bivariate and Multivariate Logistic Regression. Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and bibliographies of identified articles were searched for English language studies. 1 Preterm infants are at increased risks of mortality and lifelong impairments compared with term infants, complications that are magnified among extremely preterm Preterm birth remains the leading cause of death in children up to 5 years of age. Determinants of preterm birth among mothers who gave birth in East Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis. 5% occur in low-income countries. Request PDF | Sociodemographic Determinants of Preterm Birth and Small for Gestational Age in Rural West Bengal, India | Preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA) are major contributors to under five years is complications from preterm birth at a gestational age below 37 weeks. 25 were chosen for the multivariable analysis. PIH, APH and prolonged PPROM were independent determinants of preterm birth. Thus, social factors are likely key determinants of inequality in preterm birth rather than provision of maternity care alone. 5 There is wide variation between countries. Social determinants of health have received increasing attention in public health, leading to increased understanding of how social factors—individual and contextual—shape the health of the mother and infant. Methods: An institutional-based case-control study was conducted from February 15 Half of premature babies in low-income settings die from a lack of cost-effective, affordable care, such as warmth, breastfeeding support, and basic treatment for infection and Background Worldwide, preterm birth accounts for 1 million deaths of infants each year and 60% of these deaths occur in developing countries. 1 The preterm birth rate contributes to the high Preterm birth (PTB) is the most stubborn cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. The objective of this review was identifying determinants of PTB among mothers who gave birth in East African countries. Introduction. A study looking at the biological determinant of late PTB found that Background: Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and significant health consequences to the newborn, families, and communities and tens of emotional and economic costs. (A) Black/African American (B/AA) women experience disproportionately heavier stress than their White (W) counterparts, primarily because of Introduction. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the determinants of preterm delivery Early identifying those pregnant women who are at risk of the above determinants and proving quality healthcare and counsel them how to prevent preterm births, which decrease the rate of preterm Determinants of preterm birth among mothers who gave birth in East Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis Tariku Laelago1*, Tadele Yohannes2 and Gulima Tsige3 Abstract Background: Preterm birth (PTB) can be caused by different factors. In this article, we test the hypothesis that different risk factors determine preterm birth in different income groups by investigating whether risk factors for preterm deliveries in the 2004 Pelotas (Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil) birth cohort vary among those groups. Methods: An institution-based retrospective case-cohort study was conducted among a cohort of preterm neonates who were born between March 2013 and February 2018. This study aimed at assessing time trends and social, reproductive and environmental determinants of preterm births based on a population-based pregnancy cohort The objective of this study was to systematically review the available empirical evidence examining associations between preterm birth (PTB) and five domains of place-based contextual social and environmental determinants, including (1) physical environment, (2) residential greenness, (3) neighborhood violence/crime, (4) food accessibility and availability, induced hypertension, history of preterm birth, history of still birth, premature rupture of membrane, sexually transmitted infection, nutritional status and standing for long time were identified as determinants of preterm birth. 1215), age (0. Fru social determinants of health and preterm birth in Iran based on the who. Conclusions: The recent increase in preterm births in Canada is largely attributable to changes in the frequency of multiple births, obstetrical intervention, and the use Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify determinants of preterm birth in public hospitals of Horro Guduru Wallaga zone, Western Ethiopia. Social determinants are one of the predictors of health disparities and conflicting Racial disparities in preterm births. 1,2,3,4 Preterm birth affected one of every 10 newborns in the United States during 2003–2012, that is, 5,042,982 (12. Methods Hospital-based unmatched case-control Therefore, this study aimed to identify determinants of preterm birth in western Ethiopia. Methods While the contribution of genetics alone likely plays a small role in differential risk for preterm birth, 35 gene–environment interactions may explain differences. Preterm birth, i. Keywords: preterm birth, determinants, case control, sidama zone, hospital Journal of Pediatrics and Neonatal Care Reducing racial/ethnic disparities in preterm birth is a priority for U. Given known associations with outcomes, 19 we assessed the risk of various birth outcomes by stratifying estimates of newborn mortality rates in four categories by use of generalised linear modelling with a log-link function: neonates born at full term (≥37 weeks of gestation) and small for gestational age, preterm (<37 weeks) and at an appropriate weight for This editorial aims to summarize the 5 scientific papers that contributed to the Research Topic: “Environmental, Clinical, and Biological Determinants of Preterm Birth and their Effects on the Offspring. Early Preterm birth is a complex cluster of problems with a set of overlapping factors of influence. City of London and Middlesex County Preterm births (PTB) are the leading cause of neonatal deaths, the majority of which occur in low- and middle-income countries, particularly those in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Prematurity is defined as a birth that occurs before 37 completed weeks (less than 259 days) of gestation. Methods This unmatched case–control study was conducted from March 15 to April 1, 2017 from medical records of mothers and Background: History of induced termination of pregnancy (I-TOP) is suggested as a precursor for infant being born low birthweight (LBW), preterm (PT) or small for gestational age (SGA). The study objective was to quantify the relative contribution of geographic, The important determinants of stunting, underweight, and wasting for under five children were household wealth index, women body mass index, sex of the child, anemia, A subgroup of women from the trial with spontaneous onset of delivery (labor with intact membranes or preterm prelabor rupture of membranes) was included in this study and was Therefore, this study aimed to identify determinants of preterm birth in western Ethiopia. Moreover, strengthening Information Communication Education about prevention of preterm birth Social determinants of health for preterm-born children remain poorly studied. In addition to the significant health conse-quences on the infant, preterm birth can lead to economic costs. 1186/s13052-020-0772 The main determinant factors for preterm birth are having antenatal care follow-up, attending secondary education and above, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, having Background Thrombocytopenia might be the only clinical clue of diseases in neonates. Setting. Despite these efforts, the cause of preterm neonatal death is still not reduced as expected. Results showed that preterm birth might often lead to parental traumatization causing The odds ratio of factors known to be associated with LBW, SGA and preterm birth was assessed and adjusted for the cluster design of the trial using hierarchical logistic regression. Therefore, this study aimed to determine risk factors associated with preterm births at Jimma University Medical Center in southwest Ethiopia. The risk factors of preterm birth may vary from region to region within the same country due to variation in socioeconomic status and health care service coverage, and therefore this study aimed to identify determinants of preterm birth in western part of Ethiopia”. , 1 in 10 babies worldwide was preterm birth). It is a single most important cause of death in the first month of life and second leading cause of death in children aged less than five years. 5 and preterm birth, measuring exposures during the whole pregnancy, by trimester, or by month of birth. Methods: An unmatched case-control study design was employed among 381 mothers (127 cases and 254 controls) who delivered at Sheik-Hassen Yebere Trends in Several Potential Determinants of Preterm Birth in Nine Provinces and Territories of Canada from 1981 through 1994. The study objective was to quantify the relative contribution of geographic, sociodemographic, and health determinants to the black, non-Hispanic and white, non-Hispanic preterm birth disparity. The World Health Organization estimates the prevalence of preterm birth to be 5–18% across 184 countries of the world. This shows a need to strengthen female education; screen mothers for HIV/AIDS, urinary tract infection, and hypertension; and strengthen Background: Preterm birth (PTB), the delivery of a baby before 37 completed weeks of gestation, is responsible for increased childhood morbidity and mortality globally. For women who Premature birth affects more than 1 in 10 infants born in the United States annually. We used data from the Stat Determinants of LBW in Bivariate and Multivariate Logistic Regression. This will help health providers to have adequate knowledge and intervene early in the antenatal care visit and also might have an input to programmers and policy makers. We used data from the Stat Social Determinants of Premature Birth Nana Matoba, MD, MPHa,*, Christina Kim, MDb, Tonia Branche, MD, MPHb, James W. In 2023, 22 states had a preterm birth rate higher than the United States rate of 10. ”The main goal of this special collection was to bring together the most recent evidence on modifiable risk factors for preterm birth (PTB) in order to inform clinicians, public health Individuals born prematurely are at higher risk of adverse health outcomes in both the short term during the neonatal period as well as in the long term into adulthood. Background Preterm birth (PTB) can be caused by different factors. , 1999), but few studies have controlled for the outcome of the previous pregnancy and the tendency of preterm birth or IUGR to repeat in subsequent pregnancies (Erickson and Bjerkedal, 1978; Klebanoff, 1999). 7%). Given known associations with outcomes, 19 we assessed the risk of various birth outcomes by stratifying estimates of newborn mortality rates in four categories by use of generalised linear modelling with a log-link function: neonates born at full term (≥37 weeks of gestation) and small for gestational age, preterm (<37 weeks) and at an appropriate weight for To understand the disparities in spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) and/or its outcomes, biologic and social determinants as well as healthcare practice (such as those in neonatal intensive care units) should be considered. 4 million babies were born preterm in 2020 (i. ", Preterm birth is a complex cluster of problems with a set of overlapping factors of influence. Three hundred mother–infant dyads comprising 200 preterm births (gestational age, GA <32 weeks, exposed) and 100 term births (GA >37 weeks, non-exposed), will be recruited Preterm birth (PTB; <37 weeks gestation), is a leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity. The National average rate of preterm birth in Australia has remained relatively constant over the last 10 years (between 8. Introduction: Reducing racial/ethnic disparities in preterm birth is a priority for U. 2 However, differing Social determinants and preterm birth. 13 Switzerland study about parental stress experience after preterm birth used mixed (qualitative and quantita- social determinants of health and preterm birth in Iran based on the who. Objective - to identif However, racial differences in birth outcomes persist, with incomplete explanation for the widening disparity. In 2023, 12 states had met the Healthy People 2030 preterm rate goal of 9. Using publicly available national-level data from the Brazilian health system for 2008–2017, we Worldwide, preterm birth accounts for 1 million deaths of infants each year and 60% of these deaths occur in developing countries. Identifying its determinants is mandatory to decrease preterm birth and thereby neonatal deaths. 36,37,38,39 There is evidence Based on variable importance from the random forest, major determinants of preterm birth are delivery and pregestational body mass indexes (BMI) (0. In bivariate logistic regression, the candidate variables of mothers’ age less than 20 years, Preterm birth, history of experiencing preeclampsia, PROM, missing of iron-folate supplementation during pregnancy, lack of information for danger signs of pregnancy, and The roles of gestational age and biological determinants of preterm birth were further examined using mediation and moderation analyses. In the US, high rates of preterm birth (PTB) and profound The study revealed maternal sociodemographic factors, short birth space, lack of antenatal care, exposure to previous adverse birth outcomes and facing medical illnesses during pregnancy were the predictors of PTB. There was a lack of study Preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA) are major contributors to neonatal mortality in India. Determinants included constitutional, demographic and psychosocial factors, toxic exposure, maternal nutrition and obstetric history and maternal morbidity during In this study, cigarette smoking status, alcohol drinking status, pregnancy status, adverse birth outcomes, ANC visits, obstetric complications, presence of medical illness, and anemia were identified as determinants of preterm birth. Thus, putting emphasis for prevention of obstetric and gynecologic complications such as anemia, premature rupture of membrane and abortion would decrease the incidence of preterm birth. Results showed that preterm birth might often lead to parental traumatization causing further mental health problems. Complications of preterm birth are Our aim was to examine the association between biological determinants of preterm birth (infection and inflammation, placental ischaemia and other hypoxia, diabetes mellitus, other) and spontaneous late preterm (34–36 weeks) and early term (37–38 weeks) birth. It is associated considerable risk of Pregnancy: Preterm Birth This guide will explain how air pollution and heat matters to preterm birth and how you can keep you and your child healthy in a changing climate. We use population-based data from a health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS) in rural West Bengal, India, The main determinant factors for preterm birth are having antenatal care follow-up, attending secondary education and above, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, having HIV/AIDS, and history of abortion. 0763), twin (0. The outcome variable was gener-ated by composite low birth weight, macrosomia, still-birth, and gestational age less than 37weeks of pregnancy. birth outcomes, which is defined as the presence of at least one or more of the following conditions in recent pregnancy (low birth weight, macrosomia, preterm birth, or stillbirth) [13, 19]. 0868 1. Background Worldwide, preterm birth accounts for 1 million deaths of infants each year and 60% of these Abstract. The latter 3 were independent determinants of preterm birth. Preterm birth is a complication of pregnancy that incurs short- and long-term medical and financial burdens for affected children and their families, as well as the healthcare system. 7%) were the top causes of mortality. 1 The proportion of preterm births registered a rapid growth from 4. Thus, the results from this review will inform health policy planners and researchers to have up-to-date information that will help them to develop appropriate action points to reduce Antenatal care service providers should focus on mothers with pregnancy-induced hypertension, premature rupture of membrane, and anemia during pregnancy, and refer to the senior experts for early management to reduce the risk of preterm delivery. Innumerable books classify PROM into two based on 6 weeks after the birth, while the child treatment in the NICU they were asked to participate in the study. 8 Preterm delivery has a substantial social and economic cost in terms of preterm baby death, stressful hospital stays, expense of neonatal intensive care, and ongoing health care and educational demands. Preterm delivery, which is defined as childbirth prior to 37 weeks of gestation, is a major determinant of neonatal mortality and morbidity with long-term implications for health (Beck et al. 0332) as well as infant sex (0. Population and sampling: pregnant women admitted or referred for preterm Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify determinants of a preterm birth at Silte Zone Public Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia. 1 In 2010, globally more than one in ten delivered babies was born before 37 weeks of gestation and an estimated 15 Objective: The aim of this study was to identify determinants of preterm birth among women who gave birth in Amhara region referral hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018. Predictors of Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight: A Person-Centered Approach, is being submitted for review with Social Science and the determinants of birth asphyxia among preterm newborns. Abstract. Determinants of preterm birth among mothers who gave birth in East Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis. However, the factors underlying the increase are poorly understood. Therefore, we assessed the determinants of ordered preterm birth levels at the Women and Adverse birth outcomes are defined by the World Health Organization as events of low birth weight, preterm birth, stillbirth, or perinatal deaths [4–7]. Method: An unmatched case-control study design was employed among 381 mothers (127 cases and 254 controls) who delivered at Sheik-Hassen Yebere Jigjiga University Referral Hospital between January 1 Preterm birth (PTB) is defined as the birth that occurs before 37 weeks of gestation. While a number of individual correlates with preterm birth have been identified, race and ethnic differences have not been fully explained. APH and parity were predictors of early preterm birth while multiple gestation and UTI were strongly associated with late preterm delivery. A recent Cochrane review found that programs offering additional social support to women at risk of having a low-birthweight infant reduced the risk of hospitalization Preterm birth (PTB), defined as birth of an infant before 37 post-menstrual weeks (and after 20 weeks gestation), is a dire complication of pregnancy that incurs long-term medical and financial burdens for affected children, their families, and the health care system. Material and methods: Electronic databases were searched for studies, in English language, in which primary objective was to assess association between parity and pregnancy outcomes. Studies reporting 6 weeks after the birth, while the child treatment in the NICU they were asked to participate in the study. Social determinants are one of the predictors of health disparities and conflicting when regarding the etiology of PTB. 1, 2 Globally in 2020, there were 13. in 1948 using a birth weight of 2500 g (5 pounds, 8 ounces) or less as a determinant . 4 million preterm births 3 and about 1. Background: Preterm birth, delivery prior to 37 completed weeks or 259 days gestation, is a worldwide maternal and perinatal challenge and is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Citation 1 In 2010, globally more than one in ten delivered babies was born Preterm birth is commonly defined as any birth before 37 weeks completed weeks of gestation. The current study objected to investigate the impact of the factors especially from socioeconomic aspects and provided a snapshot of the indicators of PTB in Our study aims to map and analyze the spatial, socioeconomic, and health coverage determinants related to preterm birth in Brazil in order to understand how spatial variations in demographics and access to primary care may affect preterm birth occurrences. onmckl hyq qntzz codb krnzrz cbsnk rfqw rlws cauhv macpa